Sample critique writing

sample critique paper

Robert Park, one of the young Dewey's most ardent disciples at Michigan, himself nurtured a whole generation of scholars as the most influential member of the "Chicago School" of sociology. Unlike Cooley, he alternated between academic life and other careers. Although Park held no university position until he was fifty, he contributed fresh approaches to the sociology of the city, race relations, and communication. By his own few influential writings and by guiding the work of many students, Park held substantial sway over American sociology between the two world wars.

sample critique writing

There is also a marked anger in Small Changes and in The Man Who Loved Children that anyone should be able to shunt the practical things of life off onto someone else. Because he brings home money, because he is the ruler, Neil does not need to worry about practical things, like meals. Wanda takes care of the practical things for Joe, like his children and his food. Miriam's Jackson does not want to worry about the practicality of birth control and accuses women who do of having "little minds." Similarly, Henny in The Man Who Loved Children must steal money from her son and sell all the things she loves so the family can survive while Sam leans back and demands salad they cannot afford. Even the money that brings freedom does not validate the enslavement of others.

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In addition, the ways in which women authors perceive words and language generally are of central concern, especially in the political novel. An analysis of the presentation of states of madness and violence in the feminist novel or the female-authored novel would also prove useful to an understanding of the individual novels. Finally, serious attention must be given to the meaning of the movement in both feminism and the feminist novel away from the rational and toward the mystical, the clairvoyant, and the telepathic. All these areas can provide fertile beginnings for investigation.

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significant. First, this modern world is characterized by totalitarianism, defeated radicalism, and disabled liberalism. Second, these novels show a world in which the "modern," in both history and literature, is the equivalent of extreme situations and radical solutions. The main tendencies at work on the earth are an unremitting organization of society and an unending creation of new, vast destructive energies against civilization. Third, in the new world, one confronts massism and the mass society. Finally, and perhaps most important, the people inhabiting this world are the victims of uncertainty, insecurity, doubt, chaos, passivity, and nihilism. Their own characteristics are those most contributory to the continuation and solidification of the trends at work in the twentieth century.

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This is also part of the reason that feminism, as it develops in these novels, is individualistic. This is not the brand of individualism that holds the individual of more importance than the mass but one that demands that the individual must not perish in the twentieth century. The individual is not to be separated from other people, but neither is s/he to be subsumed by the group. Individualism is effectively redefined away from isolation and into a combination of the personal and political, the self and the group. The same novels that put stress on the individual also look forward to a collective sharing.

sample of a critique paper

The emphasis that the feminist novel puts on individualism also includes a deep respect for personal emotions and feelings. The feminist novel demands that a person be evaluated quite apart from her/his ideology or political views. In its elevation of feeling over ideology, the feminist novel supports Bertrand Russell's view that "kindliness and tolerance are worth all the creeds in the world." Maryrose in The Golden Notebook, separated from ideology, provides an excellent example of the importance of feeling and emotion. Maryrose is so intertwined with and closely connected to the center of her feelings that she is never led astray.

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In most instances, the individual is evaluated in the feminist novel as an individual, not as a member of a group or as a supporter of an ideology. In general, Anna's classification of some of her friends as good people and some as not, despite their supposedly similar beliefs and goals, would be instantly supported by the outlook of the other novels. In these novels, the only acceptable reason for supporting an ideology is that it meshes with one's best emotions and one's sense of humanity. As Anna remarks of Ted Brown, "He was the only genuine socialist of the three--I mean socialist in his instincts, in his nature." If one supports an ideology because the head is convinced while the heart remains untouched, one is left open to accepting all sorts of logical horrors.

sample of apa article critique

If one attempts to deny the existence of evil, one succeeds only in denying the good as well and replacing them both with nothing, the epitome of evil in the modern world. It is this final symptom of nihilism to which the other problems of the modern world lead. In its attack on passivity and roles, the feminist novel attacks the central essence of the brave new world of the twentieth century. To become active and to refuse roles conveniently provided for one requires positive values and goals of one's own. Having neither, passivity and role assumption are nearly foreordained. Politically, one is useless at best. As Irving Howe comments, it is a characteristic of the modern age that people who believe in nothing call themselves liberals.

sample research article critique

Being in touch with the heart, the emotions, the senses, remains, then, an essential part of the feminist canon. Good and evil exist; they are personal as well as world-wide; they are represented by what people are and do and feel and think. Mary McCarthy presents one very important aspect of this insistence on the reality of good and evil in The Company She Keeps. When the heroine thinks over her visits to her psychiatrist, she notes of her husband: That was what he had sent her to the doctor for--a perfectly simple little operation.

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In this world there is no black and white, good and bad, right and wrong. There is only a state of gray formed of relativism, repetitive processes, cyclical occurrences, amoral technology, and behaviorism. While the feminist novel stresses the importance of changing our ways of looking at men and women, at our values, at ourselves, it also emphasizes new goals and a new world view. It seconds Simone de Beauvoir's observation that "aims that transcend individual love and personal happiness can take shape only in a world that recognizes the value both of love and of happiness."